OCI Revised Organizational Constructs, Part II
The Joint Operating Committee
The first organizational construct that contributes to our value proposition is the use of the Joint Operating Committee as the key organizational construct of the dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil & gas producer. The Joint Operating Committee is the industry's legal, financial, operational decision making, cultural, communication, innovation and strategic framework of the industry. When we move the compliance and governance frameworks of the producer firm away from the hierarchy and into alignment with the seven frameworks of the Joint Operating Committee, we’ll achieve an increased organizational speed, innovativeness and accountability in producers. Continuing on with the theme of this wiki page of “what, how and why” we do that, these are some of the advantages that are gained.
Adoption of the culture of the oil & gas industry in the form of the Joint Operating Committee is one of the fundamental changes that we’ve made in our ERP system. By doing so we’ve changed everything that is currently done in oil & gas administration and accounting and reconfigured it around what is unquestionably its cultural method of exploration and development operations. Creating an opportunity to provide a solution to these issues and take this once in an industries lifetime opportunity to move back to the more natural flow of the oil & gas business, focused around the seven frameworks of the Joint Operating Committee.
Our research taught us that when alignment of compliance and governance with operational decision making occurs, accountability is the result. This is intuitively understood. We believe this to be a source of conflict throughout the oil & gas industry today which creates an atmosphere and culture of unaccountable decision making. The contradiction occurs when operators assume the responsibility of managing the Joint Operating Committee based on the need to have the requisite capabilities available to conduct the necessary field operations. The Joint Operating Committee holds the operational decision making authority which is then delegated in the operating procedure to an operator based on the results of voting by its producer participants. A threshold percentage is established for any decision to be passed. Let's assume 60% is the required percentage for approval and the operator has a 33% working interest. Decisions are then made on this basis, AFE’s are issued, funds are spent and the initiative fails. Who’s responsible and who needs to be accountable for the difficulties experienced? We believe this to be the root cause of a related issue we identified in our discussion regarding Specialization and the Division of Labor. When producers have never been held accountable for the day to day individual field decisions that were made, during any period of their tenure at the producer, why would they then be held accountable for any decisions when they’ve assumed the officer or director roles in the firm? Just “muddle through.” It is the culture of the industry which developed over the past six decades that underpins this unaccountability. In its place a culture of excuses, blaming and generation of what we call viable scapegoats is the product of this lack of accountability. To resolve this the Preliminary Specification aligns and implements the Compliance & Governance module to the operational decision making framework of the Joint Operating Committee to establish a new culture of accountability for the decisions that are made.
The next point is related to the accountability issue and to other issues around the resource restrictions that are looming in the earth science and engineering resource supply. Professor Richard N. Langlois was an extensive source of primary research we used throughout the Preliminary Specification. His research is in the area of Industrial Economics and the Economics of Innovation. He raises what he calls the agency issue or rights assignment problem in his working paper “The Austrian Theory of the Firm: Retrospect and Prospect.”
The question then becomes: why are capabilities sometimes organized within firms, sometimes decentralized in markets, and sometimes coordinated by a myriad contractual and ownership arrangements like joint ventures, franchisees, and networks? Explicitly echoing Hayek, Jensen and Meckling (1992, p.251) who point out that economic organization must solve two different kinds of problems: "the rights assignment problem (determining who should exercise a decision right) and the control or agency problem (how to ensure that self-interested decision agents exercise their rights in a way that contributes to the organizational objective)." There are basically two ways to ensure such a "collocation" of knowledge and decision making: "One is by moving the knowledge to those with the decision rights; the other is by moving the decision rights to those with the knowledge." (Jensen and Meckling 1992 p. 253). p. 6
Oil & gas has a looming crisis in its ability to source the appropriate level of engineering and geological resources available to it as a result of retirements, low numbers of graduates, higher production throughput and greater volume of work necessary with each incremental barrel produced. People, Ideas & Objects therefore questioned whether the ability of each producer firm would be able to continue to establish the full suite of their in-house earth science and engineering capabilities and capacities at the level necessary to meet all of their needs, just-in-time, on a go forward, commercial basis. This would be particularly difficult when the solution to the shortfall in resources can only be resolved by a revised specialization and division of labor. Producers would not be able to commercially sustain the burden of a full suite of operator capacities and capabilities with such a diverse demand after specialization and the division of labor. And therefore we concluded the control or agency problem would need to be resolved on the basis of the knowledge being transferred to where the decision rights were held. It is specifically in the Research & Capabilities, Knowledge & Learning and Resource Marketplace, but also throughout all of the modules of the Preliminary Specification that we’ve moved the knowledge of each of the participating producers in a Joint Operating Committee into alignment with its operational decision rights. Where it is then possible to pool the available and specialized technical resources of the producer members of that Joint Operating Committee or available in the specialized market.
A secondary point I would raise is the definition of capabilities. Professor Langlois has provided the following definition from his paper “Modularity in Organization, Technology and Society”.
This is the basic modularization of the market economy. It accords well with the modularization G. B. Richardson (1972) suggested in offering the concept of economic capabilities. By capabilities Richardson means "knowledge, experience, and skills" (1972, p. 888), a notion related to what Jensen and Meckling (1992) call "specific knowledge'' and to what Hayek (1945) called "knowledge of the particular circumstances of time and place." p. 27
To which we’ve humbly suggested that “ideas” be added to that list. We also have Professor Carliss Baldwin noting that “knowledge begets capability and capability begets action.”
What will become of the oil & gas earth science and engineering related capabilities and capacities now that officers and directors have cast their future to clean energy. Renouncing shale and casting it to the back seat of the bus where no one will see or hear from it again. Shale being what can unquestionably be the most advanced science the industry has ever seen or developed. Shale technologies will at best develop no further, atrophy or be cast to the four winds. I’ll reiterate that People, Ideas & Objects have a plan to make shale commercial in the energy independent North American market in the form of the Preliminary Specification. Shale is a critical and highly necessary element of North America's energy independence.
Officers and directors of producer firms have to stop reading the tea leaves as to what they believe investors want. Investors want profits, everywhere and always, and that is all. With their contrived positioning of clean energy and environmental concerns I would ask what is it in oil & gas that will be the new frontier if it is not clean energy? Offshore, the arctic or conventional, maybe heavy oil or any of the other areas producers previously renounced as commercially viable? It is this focus on clean energy that will do more damage to the industry and seal the fate of the existing producers. What message is being communicated to their investors in oil & gas or its related service industries. Let’s assume the service industry is looking for capital for a driller to build a new rig. Their potential investor’s first question would be “why? Producers aren’t focused on oil & gas, it's clean energy.”
In a related manner, if investors haven’t seen any effort by the officers and directors to make shale commercial, don’t see producers investing in their organizations profitability or remediating any of the damages, what message does that send?
People, Ideas & Objects have repeatedly stated the fact that each boe provides 10,000 to 25,000 man hours of equivalent labor, or 28 to 71 times the entire world's population. Producers' capitulation of shale resources should be seen as irresponsible when we understand that it’s the world's most powerful economy that is the largest consumer of energy. Why aren’t officers and directors seeking to make shale profitable and accountable by adopting the Preliminary Specification? It’s reasons such as these that the people who are elected to the boards of directors are given such responsibilities. Selling to energy consumers the immense value they gain from their use of oil & gas and taking the political high ground away from government actors and environmental groups.
In terms of alignment of the legal framework of the industry. The Joint Operating Committee is the representative organization that is established for the partnership between producer firms in any and all oil & gas properties. It is the standard method in which industry operates and all agreements and understandings are on the basis of the work done through these joint ventures. It is a rarity that a producer firm will have a 100% interest in a property. The diversity of producers in these holdings are necessary to mitigate the producers financial risk and due to regulatory requirements demanding specific land holdings etc in order to drill and produce. Current accounting systems report on Joint Operating Committee activities however People, Ideas & Objects et al have expanded the accounting and administration of these organizations to the level of stand alone reporting entities. Producing detailed, actual, factual financial statements each month for each Joint Operating Committee. It is therefore in that manner that we’re able to evaluate the performance of the property on the basis of its actual cost on a competitive basis of what the North American capital markets expect. By ensuring that each Joint Operating Committee remains profitable on a monthly basis by not overproducing based on commodity price information.
The need to have standardized accounting is necessary from the point of view of having industry rely on the outcome of these methods. Objectivity is achieved as the ability to deal with distinct situations or “manage” producer's data is counter productive due to the global dependence on the data. Consider the process of balancing the production data across the month, across a gas plant with 1 bcf / day processing. Consideration of the elements and needs of the industry and having them captured in the software is a necessity for this reason. The benefit of this strict interpretation is that when it’s reported that a property is not profitable according to our Cloud Administration & Accounting for Oil & Gas’ standard and objective accounting. The producers in each of these Joint Operating Committees will know it is in their best interest to shut-in the property for the short term. They’ll know the property was assessed on the same basis as all the other oil & gas properties throughout the continent and be satisfied with the understanding of the nature of that standard and objective accounting. They will know and be satisfied with the determination of profitability or loss, its impact on their organizations performance, their influence on the processes of determining that standard and objective method and govern themselves accordingly. And therefore increase their organizations performance by only producing profitable properties and to innovatively work within that framework and understanding to increase the value of the property.
It's no longer enough to own just the oil & gas assets. It’s also necessary to have access to the software in the form of the Preliminary Specification which makes the oil & gas assets profitable. We are configuring an industry of successful producer and service industry organizations based on the issues that have caused systemic failures that are and will continue to dictate future difficulties. Non participating producer boards of directors in this initiative will have told their shareholders they’ve opted out of an investment being made in their organizations profitability, accountability and performance.