Showing posts with label IEA. Show all posts
Showing posts with label IEA. Show all posts

Thursday, July 08, 2010

The China Syndrome

In a recent post we highlighted the EIA’s revised energy supply forecast. The chart from that post shows a 1 million barrel per day reduction in current production volumes. Econbrowser is now publishing anlysis of the EIA’s energy demand forecast, focusing on the impact that China will have in the marketplace. 




Providing the market with adequate energy supplies would be a difficult issue on its own. Adding the unprecedented demand expected from China, provides a real opportunity for the innovative oil and gas producer. The author of the econbrowser article, Stephen Kopits notes an interesting characteristic of energy demand.

Oil demand does not grow linearly with GDP. Rather, the bulk of oil demand growth occurs in the two decades during which societies typically acquire motor vehicles, after which per capita oil demand flattens. For example, per capita oil consumption in the United States is today lower than it was in 1979, even though per capita income has increased substantially since.
That is not to say that the U.S. demand for energy has dropped. The focus on motor vehicles alone, which is what Kopits reviews, would therefore limit the potential demand from China to just that form of consumption. If we are to gain an understanding of the volume of potential demand from China, motor vehicles will be a portion of that demand, but not the sole source of the demand increase. Now the scary part of the analysis. Comparing the per capita increases in energy use of Japan (1960 - 1973) and Korea (1976 - 1996) and using either of those trajectories in China’s situation shows...

In any event, without delving deeper, we might expect China's steady state demand for oil could prove not less than that of more advanced Asian nations. Based on the experience of Korea and Japan, China's current population would be expected to consume approximately 55 mbpd at steady state (when per capita consumption plateaus), or nearly 2/3 of current global oil production, were the supply available.
One might argue that this is an unreasonable amount of energy consumption. It imputes systemic gridlock throughout China, and therefore would define the upper limit of what is possible. Nonetheless the volume of energy demand will be substantial. In this next quotation Kopits argues that the EIA’s forecast demand is similarly too low.

By contrast, the EIA sees China's oil consumption at only 10 mbpd for 2015, a growth rate of approximately 2.7% from current levels, and at only 16 mbpd by 2030. Is this consistent with a country whose vehicle sales are up 56% in the first five months of the year? Where sales of Audi's are up 77% and those of BMW have doubled compared to the first five months of last year? Is China truly going to be satisfied, as the EIA would have it, with less than 1/5th of the per capita oil consumption of Korea in 2030, even though they should be similar by that time?
and
The differences in views about China's oil demand outlook have enormous policy implications. If the EIA is right, and China will forget how to grow, then pressures on the oil supply will be modest. On the other hand, if China is to develop like other countries in Asia, the pressure on the oil supply will be crushing, with oil shocks, recessions, and war all conceivable outcomes. The energy--as well as the economic and security--policy differences between the two scenarios are like night and day.
I don’t think it has to be that way. Call me an optimist but I think that whatever China, the U.S. and all others need in terms of energy, it is possible to supply them at prices that reflect that demand. The costs associated with the exploration and production will be substantially higher then what they are today. The easy stuff is gone, that is something that we can all agree on. The prices and volumes of production are unknown at this time, with demand growth from China, the oil and gas business has moved into a different era of operations. We know that a commodity like oil or gas is affected by the demand from China no matter where the source of production is. 


Today’s oil and gas firms, particularly the large Independents and International Oil Companies are having difficulty generating value. The cost structures have caught up to the commodities prices and the performance of these bureaucratic firms is diminishing rapidly. If we look forward to 2030 we can assume that the way these firms are managed today will be history. No one would establish a firm today to operate in the fashion of the bureaucracy in 2030. 


What we do know about 2030 is that the industry will be using advanced systems to manage their operations. It is also reasonable to assume that the Joint Operating Committee (JOC) will be the key organizational construct of the innovative producer. The use of both the technology and the JOC will be decided upon today. Approaching issues that are as broad in scope as the supply and demand of energy, that present this level of opportunity, can not be approached in the same old bureaucratic fashion. We need to pursue a definitive course of action, by developing the Draft Specification of People, Ideas & Objects. 


Society is put in peril when world oil production declines. There is evidence that the world's oil production has declined. Therefore the world needs to have the energy industry expand its production. To do so requires that we reorganize to enhance the division of labor and specialization within the industry. As has been proven, this reorganization could achieve far greater oil and gas production. Management of the industry is conflicted in expanding the output of the industry. The less they do, the higher the oil and gas prices and the better they appear to perform. This managerial conflict must be addressed and the performance of the industry unleashed. To do so requires the current management of the industry to fund People, Ideas & Objects and build the systems as defined in the Draft Specification. Please join me here.

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Thursday, January 15, 2009

World Energy Outlook

Fatih Birol, Chief Economist and Head, Economic Analysis Division, International Energy Agency (IEA) makes a speach that is broadcast on YouTube. This speach addresses the Annual IEA Report released in November 2008. The audience for this speech is the Council of Foreign Relations. The discussion is predominately about the climate impact of CO2 produced from the use of energy. This is a disappointment as the scope of the IEA is on energy. Climate change has its own custodians and is not really an appropriate topic to take the time away from the discussion abut energy supply and demand. The energy issues alone have the potential to obscure all of the issues mankind faces. If we are faced with those dire energy related problems, will we be able to look to the IEA for the answers? Not in my opinion. If the topics of discussion are continually diverted away from energy supply to travel down obscure bunny trails such as climate change and alternative energy, we most certainly will suffer the consequences of an inadequate supply of energy.


The first part of his speech deals with the current pricing situation. Making the assertion that the supply of oil is not benefited by the decline in prices. Based on the IEA Report there is a risk of permanent damage to the supply of oil if many of the larger projects are not completed. Particularly, Mr. Fatih Birol raises his concern over the accelerating decline of existing known oil and gas reserves. Suggesting this accelerated decline risks the ability to meet market demand in the long term.

At 47:39 an excellent question is asked by "Sally  " of Columbia University. She comments that the current IEA report is a "radical departure" from thirty years of reports that suggested the supply would rise to meet the demand. The IEA Report suggests that their is a supply problem and asks if it is possible to keep supply at these levels in light of the issues that the accelerating decline curve reflects.

Who knows what the future holds. As I have mentioned before my training and experience in oil and gas is in management. I do not understand the particular nuances of what reserves are produceable or which are of value. Limiting my upward mobility in the industry. I do know, however, the amount of time, energy, money and most important of all "ideas" it takes to find a barrel of oil in the current industry environment. I also know the demand from China and India on top of the high demand levels of the advanced economies will challenge the industry on the demand side of the equation. 

I also know that SAP and the current crop of ERP systems that are in use in the industry, are inadequate to approach this problem. Supporting and cementing the bureaucracy in its well established rhythms, as is SAP's success, is the impediment to innovation, adequate supply of energy and the ability to continue on as a civilization. 

The energy supply problem is a long and difficult task for the industry to undertake. We need to take the first steps in making this happen. We live in an advanced economy where the division of labor requires thousands of people to undertake the smallest of transactions. These people are unable to know all of the necessary connections to make these transactions successful. The role of software is critical in identifying and making these people function at the optimal performance. I am suggesting we first and foremost organize the producer in a fashion that meets the needs of the industry. Now is the time to develop these systems and unleash the human resources necessary to solve these critical problems. We need to begin this new approach to the industry by changing our organizations to instill the innovation and performance that this new environment demands. Please review the  Draft Specification, and join me here. 

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Wednesday, November 12, 2008

International Energy Agency 2008 report.

The BBC is reporting the results of the International Energy Agency 2008 report contains a warning derived from the implications of the current credit crisis on investment in oil and gas,  and hence future production deliverables.

IEA is declaring the era of cheap oil is over. The cheaper prices we are experiencing today are attributable to the market meltdown as the world consumption of energy continues to tank. No one has any quality information as to the extent of the decline in demand, and as such is assuming the worst scenario and prices are collapsing. This is a temporary situation that may last for the full term of the markets meltdown, which may be the next five years.

The lack of investment is cited by the report as the reasons behind the warning. The geological aspects of peak oil, or declining production due to lack of reserves, is not the issue that the IEA is warning about. It is the lack of investment by the industry to ensure the market supply of energy is maintained. I would tend to agree with these assumptions that the lack of investment is a more dire and serious problem then peak oil.

This project does not have the financial resources to pay for the full report. However, the BBC coverage is providing us with the scope of the warning and the material information in the IEA's report.

But, they point out, field by field, declines in oil production are accelerating and more money will be needed in research and development to extract the oil there is.

While world oil supply will rise, the report's authors predict that massive investments in energy infrastructure will be needed - an eye-watering $26 trillion dollars up to 2030.

A significant amount of this money - $8.4 trillion - will need to be spent on oil and gas exploration and development.
Big numbers. I sarcastically assume that the structured hierarchy will be able to provide the industry with the appropriate organizational structure to 2030. It seems ridiculous to me to throw this type of money at the problem on the same basis as we have relied on in the past. Doing the same thing and expecting different results will be insane. The bureaucracy will fail, I would have 100% concurrence from those in the oil and gas industry and energy consumers in general. We need to begin the process of developing the software and building the organizations and systems necessary to undertake this critical task. A critical task that may materially affect our way and quality of life if we are not successful.

I suggest we develop the People, Ideas & Objects application based on the vision provided in the Draft Specification, please join me here.

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Tuesday, July 10, 2007

Houston we have a problem.

Clicking the title of this entry will take you to the Energy Bulletin's summary of the International Energy Agencies (IEA) report. Much is currently being written about this report as it recognizes the problem the energy industry is facing. For the purposes of this post I will state what my opinion of the situation is.

  • Demand is growing due to the effects of globalization.
  • Supply is constrained by the nature of the reserves that exist today.
  • After almost 30 years of aggressive exploitation of petroleum reserves, current deliverability is not sustainable in the mid and long terms. (We need new discoveries, and lots of them.)
The point of this blog is;
  1. The energy industry is constrained by the size of its work force. This is a long term problem that will accelerate as time passes and the current brain trust retires.
  2. The organizations are driven by the demands of compliance and regulatory regimes. The business of the business, oil and gas, has become the second priority of the bureaucracy.
  3. SAP and Oracle build systems that enable producers to move "closer to their customers". This inane statement reflects they, and their software solutions, haven't got a clue about the energy business.
  4. Systems define the organization. Or as I like to say, "SAP is the bureaucracy". The systems vendors and the bureaucracy have a self defining, symbiotic relationship that has stifled any and all innovation or initiative.
  5. The management of the industry boasts healthy profits, yet has done nothing to earn them. The profits are 100% attributable to pricing, not management. The profits have enabled management to ignore any concern for the industries health beyond their planned retirement party.
  6. The earth scientists and engineers need to get to work in earnest to provide the commodity markets demands for energy.
I have lived with the implications of saying these things for forty six months. Being ostracized is liberating. I can say this today because I know the current management has had every opportunity to rectify the situation and has chosen to do nothing. They have been given the opportunity to deal with the problems and they have failed in their duty. The IEA report is a summary of this management failure, and it's time for a change.

I propose that we build systems that meet the unique and well established ways of how the industry operates. To build software that aligns the "business" with the legal, financial, cultural and operational decision making frameworks of the industry. The Joint Operating Committee is the natural form of organization for the upstream oil and gas industry. And that is stated on a global basis. This blog has shown the academic and logical support for this concept. The time, as defined by the IEA, is now.

Based on these points I will be preparing a summary of this blog and propose we move forward on the building of these systems. I will publish this document in September 2007. The energy business has fundamentally changed in the last 5 years, its now time to deal wih these changes. To my way of thinking, the only other alternative is to give the bureaucracy and its symbot's, Oracle and SAP, another chance, and that is fundamentally unacceptable.

Anyone that is interested in these ideas can keep up, and participate, with this blog. If you would like a copy of the proposal just email me (paul dot cox at gmail dot com) and I will forward a .pdf when it is published in September 2007.

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