How People, Ideas & Objects Will Achieve Success, Part V
People can intuitively understand and appreciate the need for profitability in oil and gas. The lack of profits has had a devastating effect on producers, the quality of life of all of the people who work there and each of the many industries that are directly employed in the service of oil and gas. This difficulty may be somewhat hidden as a result of the initial and current virus related lockdowns. The need for profit is well understood through its absence. Therefore adopting profits as our purpose, which has been our focus from the beginning, by industry, its people, the producer firms, service industry, its investors and bankers is something that everyone can resonate with. We’re unable to survive without the profitability that we seek. The role of the investors is not to fund the bureaucrats insatiable addiction to spend money. Investors will never have that much money. Investors play a critical role in making decisions as to what happens, where, when and why. They’ve decided that the lack of profitability is unacceptable. The capital needs of producers is beyond what they’re capable and willing to provide. Particularly those trillions of dollars we’ve identified in the categories of rebuilding, refurbishing and reclamation costs. Costs that have no capacity to provide a return on investment. Investor action of withholding their financial support should have triggered the remedial actions necessary to avoid the protracted depression we’ve found ourselves in. However, bureaucrats are obstinate. And it would appear that the potential increases in oil and natural gas prices could lead to the success that bureaucrats have always found in the industry. It's just that no one else ever gets to share in their success. If we continue on in this destructive, bureaucratic direction for the next decade, who’ll be the biggest fool of them all?
An easily expressed purpose of profitability is relatively easy to define. You know when you see a profitable activity and what is not. Wholesale changes to the organization to pursue objectives in other industries such as clean energy with zero emissions targets will never create profitable operations in oil and gas. Why are bureaucrats doing it? Is it the opportunity to fleece an entire new class of “willing and enthusiastic” investors? If People, Ideas & Objects, the user community and service providers accounting are reporting that an oil and gas property is unprofitable that’s a drain on the organizations profitability. The need to cease the drainage of value should be seen as an immediate necessity with actions taken to figure out what to do with the specific unprofitable investment. What opportunities are available? The Preliminary Specifications price maker strategy ensures that all production is produced profitably. It also establishes the necessary organizational infrastructure throughout the industry to enable and encourage innovation. Can costs be innovatively reduced or reserves expanded, deliverability may be enhanced or should the property be sold to a partner or adjoining facility? Innovation is used to ensure that the consumers are provided with the lowest costs. Sitting idly by while value is flushed from everywhere in oil and gas, stating that you're profitable, you just need more cash, isn’t working. Will the move to “clean energy and zero emissions” be 2021s viable scapegoat just as “waiting for a cold winter” was in 2010? Implying a new sophistication in the creation of excuses, blaming and viable scapegoats, after all it has been a decade, and bureaucrats must have developed and evolved in some aspect of their lives. Recently Shell announced (additional?) 9,000 layoffs for the next 2 years with no salary increases or bonuses for anyone. Their transition to clean energy is their focus and to be honest I never thought Shell would be one of the first to just give up. Another alternative route being offered is Chesapeakes who gloat they now have 85% less engineers and geologists post bankruptcy. Exciting times in oil and gas!
Our White Paper was entitled “Profitable, North American Energy Independence -- Through the Commercialization of Shale” for a reason. The bureaucrats have lost the script and don’t know what business they're in. Shale has disrupted the oil and gas business model. Changed the industry from scarcity to abundance and there has been no change in how the industry approaches the business. Investors believe that shale is not commercial and have seen no response or reaction from industry otherwise. Claiming profitability and earning profitability are two fundamentally different approaches and demands. Spelling out the future of the industry in the Shell or Chesapeake world only demands a high tolerance to pain. People, Ideas & Objects, our user community and service providers invoke a vision throughout the industry where the future is established in a way that is secure for those that choose to pursue oil and gas. Those interested in clean energy can choose that field to move to. Our vision has a demand where everyone needs to concern themselves with the justification of what they’re doing is profitable. And if not, how to constructively remedy that. A dynamic world of thinking constantly about what you're doing and interacting with your environment to ensure that everyone remains moving forward, dare I say profitably building value. As we know with this objective and purpose in mind, if that isn’t evident to the individual today, it can be easily learned with the appropriate feedback that some call accounting, and a sense of profitably building value can replace the daily grind of daily attendance and participation in the bureaucratic malaise of “muddle through.”
Speaking of accounting and real profitability. We need to separate the reporting of property, plant and equipment from its determination of the value of the firm. This has become the cultural means of what is done in oil and gas. Any cost that is incurred, except for royalties and operating expenses are capitalized to property, plant and equipment at high percentage values in order to attempt to replicate the value of the reserves on the balance sheet. The reserves can be detailed in the Management Discussion & Analysis of the Annual and Quarterly reports. They are a clear reflection of the value of the firm based on how the producer has conducted their operations and the success they’ve achieved, or not, in the form of oil and gas exploration and development. These are a subjective science and the methods used to report these numbers are by independent third parties who use the same criteria somewhat consistently across the industry. They are reconciled and updated on a biennial basis and provide worthwhile and valuable information. When the value of the firm is thousands of feet below the surface it’s the reasonable method of reflecting what the organization is worth.
Accounting is no such animal. It has nothing to do with value or what the outcome of the management has been. That value is to be determined based on the reserves and the equity markets based on the investors perception of that value. Accounting doesn’t come into that part of the equation. Oil and gas needs to move away from the perception that accounting must reflect value. What accounting does is evaluate the management on the basis of how they performed from a financial perspective. Did they perform financially, were they profitable in a financial sense. Have they been accountable for the money they’ve spent etc. It is quite possible that the situation occurs on some basis of reasonableness that the producer built significant value in terms of the exploration and development of oil and gas reserves, but could never report a profit. What is the purpose or value of those reserves if they can’t be produced profitably? Conversely, a producer may be abysmal at exploration and development of their reserves base, yet are a wildly profitable producer, in the real sense of the word profit. What is the value of these two producers? How do any of the producers fall within the scale of both reserves value and financial performance? We don’t know and will never know due to the culture seeking to have the property, plant and equipment account achieve what their reserves value is. CEO’s running around town flashing their balance sheets off as to who “built” theirs bigger and better than the others and how much “cash they put in the ground” that year. These are what the industries objectives and culture have developed into and become. The industry does not have a commercial basis of its measurement in today’s environment. The homogenization of the producers financial statements shows they’re all in serious financial jeopardy, yet they all have spectacular property, plant and equipment balances.
This discussion essentially seeks to balance the science reflected in the reserves value with the commercial environment that the industry must operate within. What the investors have been telling the producers for five years now. When accounting is seeking to replicate the same scientific outcome, increasing property, plant and equipment as quickly and as high as the reserves value, the commercial objective is lost. “Build balance sheets,” “put cash in the ground” become the guiding objectives that are pursued by the bureaucrats. The Preliminary Specification seeks to make the commercial assessment of the industry based upon each of the Joint Operating Committees. Where their accounting assessments will be done on an independent, standard, objective, variable cost and industry based capability delivered to the Joint Operating Committees by the service providers. Where producers will know and trust the outcome of those assessments and where their costs of capital, in a capital intensive industry, will be reflected in the cost of the commodity sold to the consumer. So the invested capital of the investors can be retrieved by the consumers' use of the commodity and that capital is used again repeatedly to maintain and expand the assets, pay down debt and send dividends back to the investors. What can we say about stuffing the ground with cash? I have to say producer bureaucrats were effective in deferring any early interest in the Preliminary Specification by claiming it was crazy. Turn around is fair play.
Recording of capital assets in oil and gas has been an issue since the SEC passed their regulations in 1978. The cultural distortions that have been generated as a result of those had become obscene, in my opinion, in the 1980s. Today they’ve destroyed the industry. It is not as a result of what the SEC published in 1978 that I would place the blame, it was how they were immediately interpreted throughout the industry. The difficulties grew from what I feel is a misinterpretation of these regulations and how they’ve formed the culture of the industry today. The quote that I find the most clarifying as to what is and should be, is the following from Investopedia.
According to the Securities Exchange and Commission (SEC), oil companies are required to report these reserves to investors through supplemental information to the financial statements.2 It is important to note oil still in the ground is not considered an asset until it is extracted and produced. Once the oil is produced, oil companies generally list what isn't sold as products and merchandise inventory.
I would suggest that bureaucrats may have also misinterpreted this statement when they say in absolute harmony. “We are in compliance with all the regulations.” And they’ll state this unequivocally due to the fact that they’re not claiming the “oil is still in the ground” it’s that “you have to put cash in the ground.” See they’re in compliance when they refer only to the cash! It’s not just the oil that’s slick. Here are the governing SEC regulations for your reading and sleeping enjoyment.
Prior to the earnings season I suggested that the haunting message that may be coming from the producers audit firm may be the going concern opinion. This may have been some overreach or just prescience on my behalf. Of the few producers of our sample that have reported only two have reported their audited financial statements. The remainder will be issuing their audited statements in April and May as part of their Annual Reports. Of these two, both are Canadian companies, do not file 10Q or 10K reports and I can’t tell if it is exclusively a Canadian issue at this time. But in both audit instances, as with most of the companies in the industry, 2020 realized significant impairments to the property, plant and equipment account. And as a result one of the firms produced a Critical Audit Matter (CAM) and the other a Key Audit Matter (KAM) regarding these writedowns. In both instances the CAM and KAM did not render an audit opinion on the specifics of the issue, but were part of the overall audit opinion that the financial statements represented fairly the financial situation within the producer firms. KAM’s and CAM’s are assessed based on Cash Generating Units (CGU’s) ability to generate cash returns. How do these audit firms account for the change when prior years audits accepted these results? It is uncertain and unclear who triggered the CAM and KAM in these instances. Justifications that these writedowns were triggered due to the effects on the business by the virus or climate change are viable scapegoats as far as I’m concerned. If the cash generating units no longer support the assets recorded value in property, plant and equipment that is more than a virus. As I was apparently premature in raising the issue of over capitalization and its implied, inverse over reporting of profits, which is obviously not a CAM or KAM as reported by the auditors in prior years, maybe I’m just premature in my comment regarding the audit opinion including the dreaded going concern kiss of death. I always asserted that overreporting of assets and profits are what ultimately led to the demise of Bernie Madoff, Bernie Ebbers and Jeffrey Skilling. That is because it’s outright fraud and each was sentenced in excess of 20 years of prison, 150 years for Bernie Madoff. Let’s see how 2021 play’s out.
Understanding that during the summer of 2020 we documented that the overproduction issue has been present in the industry since at least July 1986. The Preliminary Specification has been available since December 2013. The identification of these points in time motivated the only known action from the oil and gas bureaucrats in the past ten years. That action consisted of having the producer firms increasing the coverage of officers and directors insurance. I asserted at that time the actions of these bureaucrats in increasing the insurance coverage implied guilt and culpability. However as we sit here in early 2021 with no resolution, we still see no evident conscience. Could I apply the same logic and assert a guilt and culpability to the audit firms in documenting their Critical Audit Matter and Key Audit Matter of 2020? Especially when they know the timing and accuracy of recording capital assets is a key issue and primary purpose in Accounting?
What we should all be asking the bureaucrats when they stand up in their Annual General Meetings this spring are the following questions. Why is it that only the personal compensation and risk to the officers and directors motivate any action? Explain to your shareholders why it is that you're not concerned with producers' real profitability for these past 35 years? Why is reorganizing to ensure profitability everywhere and always considered crazy and too radical, yet transitioning to clean energy and zero emissions is not? Why is it that just punching a clock day after day is acceptable? Where is the requisite focus necessary for success within the producer firms beyond “building balance sheets,” “putting cash in the ground” and why has the industry become such a drain on society during their watch? Will this continuous display of weakness by these bureaucrats continue the decades long losing streak that the industry is experiencing? I’d ask what the plan is, but I think any direct admission of guilt by them in a public forum would be contrary to the bureaucrats best interest. The last question would have to go along the lines of; if now is not the time for change and action, when would be?
The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations, everywhere and always. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects have published a white paper “Profitable, North American Energy Independence -- Through the Commercialization of Shale.” that captures the vision of the Preliminary Specification and our actions. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. Anyone can contact me at 713-965-6720 in Houston or 587-735-2302 in Calgary, or email me here.