Executive Summary
It was in May 2004 that I published the preliminary research report entitled “Plurality should not be assumed without necessity”. (Readers are encouraged to revisit the preliminary report to assist in the context of this report.) The main thrusts of that document were its two primary research findings. The first finding was that the key organizational construct of the oil and gas industry is the joint operating committee. The joint operating committee is the legal, financial, cultural and operational decision-making framework of the industry. If the industry were to move the accountability framework in line with the four frameworks of the joint operating committee it would achieve greater organizational speed and innovativeness. The other research finding was that the software the firm uses defines the organization. Noting “SAP is the bureaucracy” it is apparent that to change the organizational construct requires that systems be developed to support the proposed organizational change.
The preliminary report also contained a project management proposal to build these systems around the joint operating committee. This budget was in the $70 – 85 million range and would require four years to complete. The budget of that system may remain within that scope; however, this final research report recommends that the industry pursue a proof of concept. This proof of concept is to build a Petroleum Lease Market application to start the organizational transition to the joint operating committee. This application’s scope has been budgeted at $2.6 to $3.5 million.
The four cornerstones of a technical vision.
Critical to the success of any prospective software development would be the impact of any future Information Technologies (IT). I am including a technical vision consisting of four key technologies, and describe how the future may be affected by these technical changes.
IPv6 (2 to the power of 128 in terms of addressing space.) enables the elimination of the technological model known as client – server. Replacing it with static IP addresses that can identify anything and everything. Enabling any electronic device that is connected to the Internet to be monitorable and controllable. I believe the engineers and geologists can and will do with this level of static addressing is unlimited.
The second element of the vision involves Java and the incremental nature of typed, object oriented programming languages. Where the predictability and control of systems is achieved through the strong implementation of strict typing.
Java is also enabling the exception handling capabilities and asynchronous process management that is critical to handling intra-partner transactions and interactions.
And finally wireless Internet through Wifi and soon Wimax, enabling electronic devices to be connected at low costs and high speed and in turn eliminating the “last mile” issues of technological access.
These four technologies will be revolutionary when applied over the joint operating committee as the organizational focus. This technical vision provides the industry with the organizational capability to facilitate rapid innovation in a controlled and managed environment.
Partnership Accounting.
I will then go on to discuss "Partnership Accounting" and how an algorithm can capture the unique and demanding accounting and reporting needs of the producers represented in the joint operating committee.
A new accounting dynamic is introduced by using the joint operating committee. This accounting dynamic enables the interactions to be quantified in an algorithm that although complex, addresses the accounting related issues that traditional ERP systems can’t handle.
The Partnership Accounting difficulty comes when all participants of the joint operating committee have been contributing people, financial and technical resources, and direct costs on behalf of themselves, and / or, with other members of the joint account. Through the JOC each producer’s collective resources are pooled to attain the highest level of technical capability, management and tactical deployment, which is sourced from the partner companies.
These costs and resources are being incurred on each producer’s behalf and may not be shared, but may be eligible to offset their obligations to other partners, be distributed equally among the producers interests, or need to be recognized by the joint operating committee irrespective of their source and nature. This is further complicated by the fact that many of the internal charges and overhead allowances that have traditionally been charged to the joint account also become redundant. These overhead styles of costs are replaced by the specific costs that were directly incurred by the producer, as represented in the joint operating committee. The system will capture these components as they are incurred by the employee / worker / investor / consultant / producer in an active job costing state as the user is logged on.
The nature of the oil and gas business is unique in many ways and this Partnership Accounting discussion will capture many of the issues that an oil and gas system needs to address. For example:
- Daily and monthly production volumes.
- Differing currencies of producers.
- Differing currencies of operations.
- Currencies that relate different accounting issues based on the criteria of one being balance sheet vs. income statement accounts.
- Spec vs. raw products and by-products.
- Processing and gathering fees based on (non) ownership,
- Imperial vs. metric reporting standards.
- Nominations and or commingling of gas.
Military Command.
I then by way of analogy, will note the traditional military command structure of corporals to generals as a replacement to the regular hierarchy. It is foolhardy to eliminate the hierarchy and lose some of the attributes of a control structure. I discuss how a similar military command type of structure can be used to enhance and augment the managements’ control apparatus. This also allows the human resources to be deployed in a greater diversity of situations, and have their tasks outlined and issued from a variety of producers as represented by the JOC as their employers.
This military command structure will draw a parallel to the interactions of various military groups interacting under NATO. Where an army major of a branch of the U.S. military may have Canadian, French and / or British soldiers under his direct command. With these military personnel changes happening in a fluid, dynamic and ad-hoc basis.
Linear historical perceptions vs. the logarithmic and exponential future possibilities.
Stanford University Economist Dr. Paul Romer has captured what the future economical progress can be. In a world of limited resources it need not be a zero sum gain. The use of ideas has potentially logarithmic or exponential value creating capabilities. Progress and growth can be better attained through application of intellectual property within an industry.
Innovation is the beginning of this process. And to attain the highest level of innovativeness, the Joint Operating Committee has been proven by this research to be the ideal organizational model for the producers. This will not happen however, until such time as the systems are developed and in place, and the system developers’ capability becomes an inherent part of the capability of the industry.
Genesys value proposition.
In addition to all of these topics of discussion I will reiterate the Genesys value proposition. A value proposition that is similar to Google's, where the costs of development are allocated over a larger base of users. Each user benefiting from the collective users purchasing power, demands and capabilities.
Google is proving this is the nature of software. The value of this proposition is something that I don't believe has been fully implemented or realized by the producers. It is my supposition here that the Oracles and SAPs realize this latent value. It is therefore my assertion that the oil and gas industries overall costs of systems development would decline under this proposed model.
Who would Henry Ford hire?
I also want to ask a question of the people who work within the oil and gas industry. That question is, whom today, would Henry Ford hire? A question that is just as pertinent today as it was 100 years ago.
Just as Ford needed a new "type" of worker for his assembly line invention, so will the prospective oil and gas producer. What type of employee will the producers need in this dynamic networked environment? What type of skills and capabilities should the oil and gas worker obtain to be optimally deployed in the future oil and gas industry?
Calls to action.
Last if not least this proposal will note and discuss the numerous calls to action from:
- Oxford Analytica.
- Harvard University.
- MIT.
- Energy Secretary Bodman.
- McKinsey Consulting.
- SEC Chairman Christopher Cox.
- Sir John Browne of BP.
- John Hagel III and John Seely Brown
- and many others.
This proposal is a clean slate proposal. There are no constraints in terms of existing code or client base to deter from the focus of these developments. The attainment of this type of software and software development capability must be built from the start. It is therefore expected that this proposal will be accepted and funded as required.
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