Military Command & Control Metaphor - Innovative?

Last week in research question # 1 we asked if the hierarchy’s value had expired. Suggesting that elimination of the hierarchy would require an alternative governance framework to replace the tried and true hierarchy. Recall that the alternative framework we developed in the Draft Specification is what we call the Military Command & Control Metaphor (MCCM). It might seem a contradiction to suggest that the military chain of command enables innovation at the producer level. The military is known for its strict adherence to command and control, how is this going to assist the innovative producer? And isn’t the use of the MCCM going to cause the Joint Operating Committee to be less responsive as a result?

First is the fact that the strict level of adherence is a reflection of the command and control that is implemented. We are attempting to impose an organizational structure on to the various members of the producer firms that have been seconded to the specific Joint Operating Committee. These resources are being sourced from a multitude of organizations, they also continue to have responsibilities to the individual producer that they represent. Therefore imposing this structure allows them to interact, respecting the equivalent military chain of command used, in a manner that is expected of them in both the JOC and at the producer firm that employs them.

Second is the innovative footing that we are striving to provide to both the producer and the JOC. This innovative footing seems counter to the military command and control expectations. Victor Davis Hanson is a well known military historian. In this video at around the 33:00 minute mark, he makes the interesting comment noted just below the video.

I still can’t believe as a military historian that we came up with the idea that a flying fortress was going to go over daylight at about 200 miles an hour and supposedly at 30,000 feet knock out the strategic capability of Germany. And depend on a few 50 calibre machine guns to save this lumbering plane that had as few as nine crew members and they were going to be fighting against the finest fighter pilots in the world in ME-109’s and they think they can pull it off when the British had tried it and had already assumed that it was impossible. And we did that of course and we lost 25,000 Americans, six times more then in the Iraq war, on that flawed concept. But that's the nature of war, live and learn. And out of that we learned what. You could stack formations to increase fire power. You could create drop tanks and have Thunderbolts and Mustangs escort them. You could use radio signals, you could use chafe. And by that trial and error counter response, response, counter response by 1945 the B-17’s were taking a lethal toll on German society and industry. And that is what usually happens in war.

And at 1:01 minutes, based on his experiences Professor Hanson states;

There is more free speech in the military then there is in a university campus.

In this example I see two characteristics at play. The first is the ability of the higher command to maintain the focus on a difficult and costly job for the long term. Secondly, the ability to innovate in the use of the resources to achieve the long term goal, success in its mission. Compare this, or any other military operation, against the capabilities of the hierarchy and I think we can see the use of the Military Command & Control Metaphor will enhance the JOC’s and producers that use, prospectively, People, Ideas & Objects software applications.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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Quick Post - Dan Pink on EconTalk

This weeks EconTalk podcast has Dan Pink talking about his new book "Drive, the surprising truth about what motivates us".

This being a quick post I just want to point out his discussion regarding his research about what motivates people. Pink notes.

Suggest we upgrade to a different approach to motivation, one far less reliant on if/then rewards, not on all rewards but a certain kind of reward, and prizes other sorts of motivators such as autonomy, mastery, and a sense of purpose.

People, Ideas & Objects provides the software to the oil and gas producer. There are substantial services that are associated with delivering this software. The Community of Independent Service Providers is the community that we look too to provide those services to the innovative oil and gas producer.

I see autonomy, mastery and a sense of purpose as being the key motivators of the Community of Independent Service Providers.

Some Advantages of the JOC

Last week we began a comprehensive review of People, Ideas & Objects research and systems development. This review is focused around using the Joint Operating Committee (JOC) as the key organizational construct of the innovative oil and gas producer. It also appears, based on this blog’s analytics, that many of our readers may have been on vacation. I think this review provides substantial value to all our readers, and particularly for those that may have joined us in the past few years. To aggregate the posts that make up this review, please select the Review label on this blog. Last week we were able to summarize the four research questions that were answered in the Preliminary Research Report. Today’s post deals with the advantages of using the JOC.

The JOC is very much involved in the day to day activities of an oil and gas producer. What is surprising is that the ERP systems that are in use in oil and gas do not recognize the JOC. Not until such time as we develop the Draft Specification will we have the systems that align to the legal, financial, operational decision making, cultural and communication frameworks. All of the current ERP systems have been developed during the pre-Internet era. None of these vendors have approached the oil and gas industry from the point of view of the partnerships represented in the JOC, they only recognize the hierarchy of the individual producer. This prompted our assertion that SAP is the bureaucracy. The Preliminary Research Report noted the advantages of using the JOC are as follows.

• All participants are motivated equally. Financial opportunity drives consensus.

Attaining a consensus when everyone is motivated on the basis of financial incentives is the optimal situation. It is for this reason alone that the JOC provides such strong support for building the systems defined in the Draft Specification. Developing the systems to recognize the decision rights within the JOC will enable the decisions to be made more efficiently and effectively.

Subsequent to the publication of the Draft Specification, and around the time that the iPad was introduced. People, Ideas & Objects asserted that we could use the iPad or other device to have the JOC representatives video conference the meetings. Each representative being in attendance irrespective of when and where they may be. With the software development capability which is a fundamental element of the People, Ideas & Objects offering, these meetings would be supported with automated software that implements the processes and procedures that are decided on by the committee. When the decision was made to re-enter a well to complete another zone, the AFE’s would then be automatically issued and become effective within the system. Fast, high quality decision-making with full implementation of the necessary processes will be the result of producers funding People, Ideas & Objects software developments and Community of Independent Service Providers.

• The JOC is the legal, financial, operational decision making, cultural and communication foundation of the oil and gas industry. All the internal processes tacitly support this fact.

Moving the compliance and governance frameworks from the hierarchy to be in line with the JOC puts all the frameworks of both the producer and the committee into alignment. As decisions are made by the JOC they are implemented in accordance with the strategy, compliance and governance needs of each individual producer. Each producer employs their own strategy based on the unique makeup of their assets. Just because the producer voted for the recompletion of the other zone, does not impute any element of their corporate strategy or financial metrics to any of the other participating producers.

• The participants in the JOC hold significant technical and managerial capabilities.

The people that represent the producer firm in the JOC are usually of broad business experience and educational background. Usually sourced from the earth science and engineering disciplines, their focus is developing the oil and gas assets held within the JOC. In many of the smaller producers it is frequently the president that represents the producer. Building the software that identifies and supports these key individuals is the beginning of making the producer more innovative.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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Research Question # 4

In our fourth and final installment of the Preliminary Research Report’s research questions. We asked “Does the industry need to change from a “banking” to a “science and engineering” based mindset?”

Much of current infrastructure of the oil and gas industry has been developed during a time when the costs associated with exploration and production were reasonable. A time when the efforts of the producer firm could be quantified by determining a reasonable return on investment in oil and gas. This generated what could be considered to be a “banking” mindset that sought to exploit a resource based on a specific return on investment.

That of course is the reasonable approach that any industry will take to the business at hand. To do anything other then approach the business from the return on investment would be foolhardy. What the question being asked is, will the approach of a guaranteed return on investment be capable of dealing with the complexity of a science based business in a resource constrained environment.

With the earth science and engineering disciplines expanding at a significant pace, where each barrel of oil produced requires progressively more science and engineering. With the supply of scientists available to producers being somewhat fixed. To expect this environment to produce a reasonable return on investment with no change in approach from the “easy” energy era will lead to disappointment.

I think the answer to the question is clear. The industry needs to change in order to meet the markets demand for energy. Since the time the Preliminary Research report was published and today, the world energy production has remained static. At a time when a large percentage of the worlds population is moving towards the middle class, the static or potentially declining world oil production is a serious problem for society. It is therefore reasonable to assume that high commodity prices will be with us for the long term. Prices are the reallocation of financial resources to facilitate innovation. Therefore it is also reasonable that the producers with the most innovative capability will have the highest return on their investments.

But lets be clear, changing the stripes on a Tiger is not easy. As we progress into this review we will see that this level of change may not be able to be managed by the current oil and gas producers. Some times the changes occur from an attrition of the existing firms and replaced by new and innovative producers. Either way, People, Ideas & Objects and our Draft Specification are designed to identify and support the successful innovative oil and gas producers.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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Research Question # 3

The Preliminary Research reports third research question builds on the probable positive outcome of the second question. That being, if innovation can be reduced to a quantifiable and replicable process “Will the Joint Operating Committee facilitate the means to innovate?” In addition to having the scope and understanding of the processes of innovation quantified and replicated. The breakthrough from this research question is that the Joint Operating Committee is the ideal organizational construct to facilitate innovation. I will highlight two key points in this post, and follow up with much more detail throughout our ongoing review.

The two key points are simply ideas and decisions. Two elements that can not be handled by computers. Ideas and decisions are the higher level work that humans need to be involved in, with computers taking over the repetitive and transaction oriented activities.

When we consider the changes in the oil and gas industry, particularly from the point of view of an expanding understanding in the earth science and engineering disciplines. The Joint Operating Committee is designed to generate ideas and make the decisions for the producers represented, making it the ideal organizational construct to support the successfully innovative oil and gas producers. Building ERP systems like People, Ideas & Objects Draft Specification that identify and support the JOC are what’s required to facilitate that innovation.

In terms of idea generation, collaboration is the ideal means in terms of identifying and solving problems. Contrasting the difference between collaboration and consensus is an important point. Consensus is when the majority can agree on a certain decision or direction. Collaboration is when the best solution is being sought by those with a mutual interest. I see the JOC using collaboration as a means to find the innovative solution and making the decisions based on a consensus of understanding.

The operational decision making framework of the industry is with the Joint Operating Committee. What becomes very clear in reviewing Professor Dosi’s paper is that decisions play a critical role in innovation. Professor Dosi states that not all efforts are successful, many fail, and from the failure sometimes the most important lessons are learned, and everyone inherently understands this. The ability of an industry to learn through their collective efforts will mitigate the subsequent similar failures and their costs, and enhance the success over a larger population of companies.

Some of the advantages of using the Joint Operating Committee that were listed in Preliminary Research report were;

• All participants are motivated equally. Financial opportunity drives consensus.
• The JOC is the legal, financial, operational decision making, cultural and communication frameworks of the oil and gas industry. All the internal processes tacitly support this fact.
• The participants in the JOC hold significant technical and managerial capabilities.

The scope of the operational authority of the JOC is constrained by the participants financial interest in the property. The JOC’s formation is traditionally formed around a geographical area, is traditionally limited in its geological and areal extent. This naturally limits the focus of the committee to that facility. The JOC is therefore financially motivated, has the appropriate level of focus, has the operational decision making authority and brings together the collaborative idea generation and consensus building needed of an innovative organization.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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Research Question # 2

The second research question within the Preliminary Research Report was, Can the scope and understanding of the process of innovation; be reduced to a quantifiable and replicable process?

The short answer to this question is yes, most definitely. Which is significant news to most people. People, Ideas & Objects has consistently stated that high commodity prices are the reallocation of the financial resources to enable innovation. We stand at a point in time where the oil and gas industry will change to an innovation based and focused industry. Fascinating times.

It would be difficult to summarize the entire answer to this research question in one post. During the next few months of our review we will be better able to answer this question. Readers in the mean time can also review the Preliminary Research report.

The paper that was used to answer this research question was Professor Giovanni Dosi’s “Sources, Procedures and Macroeconomic Effects of Innovation” September 1988, Journal of Economic Literature, Volume XXVI pp. 1120 - 1171. If you have access to JSTOR or other databases I would highly recommend that you download and review the paper.

Professor Giovanni Dosi makes the statements that,

“The search, development and adoption of new processes and products in market economies are the outcome of the interaction between”:

• “Capabilities and stimuli generated with each firm and within the industry of which they compete.”

The capacity to enhance reserves of oil and gas is significantly more challenging than as little as five years ago. Exploitation is generally expected to continue, however, an enhanced role for various degrees and types of exploration is expected to commence. The energy frontier brings many new risks and complexity in the area of technical, political and the environment. These account for much of the changes in stimuli and capability that Professor Dosi states are required to facilitate further innovation.

Secondly, the microeconomic trends associated with changes in the relative prices of outputs. Oil and gas prices are beginning to reflect the scarcity, importance and value of these commodities to society.

Dosi notes the second influence to enhanced innovation is;

• "Broader causes external to the individual industries, such as the state of science in different branches, the facilities for the communication of knowledge, the supply of technical capabilities, skills, engineers etc.”

Innovation and science are iterative upon each other. As the pace of development in earth science and engineering innovations increase, these will have an accelerating effect on the development within the sciences which of course, will lead to further innovations.

These points are only the tip of the iceberg. Professor Dosi’s 1988 paper is renowned for its impact on business innovation. Over the next few months as our review of the Preliminary Research Report and Draft Specification progresses. We will be spending a significant amount of time in Professor Dosi’s paper.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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Research Question # 1

In addition to the Preliminary Research Reports hypothesis and conclusion, noting the Joint Operating Committee is the “natural” form of organization, there were a handful of research questions that were answered in that report. The four questions and their updated answers will be posted here over the remaining part of this week.

The first question was simply, “Has the hierarchy’s value expired?”

This may seem to be an unfair question, but one that most people will have firm opinions on. Alan Murray, Deputy Managing Editor of the Wall Street Journal wrote an interesting piece on the topic in Saturday’s Wall Street Journal. Within the article he documents many of the issues that organizations face. However, it’s the quantity and quality of the comments to the article that show the scope of the debate on the hierarchy’s future. One can clearly see the two camps forming and the ability to influence each other is at somewhat of a stale mate. Opinions are well formed with differing perspectives of the same facts, note the discussion regarding the development of Boeing’s 787 aircraft. This argument has only begun.

Those who believe that we will continue with the hierarchy number in the minority at this point in time. Those that support the hierarchy would assert, correctly, that their needs to be some form of replacement governance model. You just can’t eliminate the well defined model that governs the oil and gas producers organizations. Although we had not developed an alternative in the Preliminary Research report, we eventually did publish the Military Command & Control Metaphor (MCCM) that provides the replacement governance model for both the Joint Operating Committee and producer firms.

By adopting the well understood military chain of command. Applying it over the producer firms involved in a JOC. Allows teams comprised of members from different firms to operate as required within the specific JOC. This pooling of the available technical resources replicates in many ways the manner in which the NATO countries military resources are able to operate.

The ability to pool technical and scientific resources from several of the producers participating within one JOC is critical. Each firm currently have dedicated technical resources and capabilities built within each producer firm. The luxury of having each firm with mutually exclusive technical resources may be over. With each barrel of oil requiring progressively more earth science and engineering, the demand for these resources may begin to outstrip supply. Additionally the time required to train new earth scientists and engineers does not provide for the potential retirement of the brain trust. These resource constraints can be resolved through the use of the MCCM and pooling of the technical resources of the producer firms.

Therefore, the answer to the question for the oil and gas producer is the hierarchy’s value has expired. It is a model that deals with the firms needs, but ignores the JOC. What the successfully innovative producer needs is a governance model that deals with both the producer firm and the JOC’s that they have an interest in. (Particularly when the operational decision making framework resides with the JOC.) For further reading on this topic please review the MCCM of the Draft Specification.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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The Joint Operating Committee is Critical

Starting with today’s post we will begin a process of reviewing the data, information and ideas that makes up People, Ideas & Objects and the Draft Specification. This will provide readers with a thorough understanding of the elements that make up this project. These posts can be aggregated by selecting the Review label.

People, Ideas & Objects began with the Preliminary Research Report’s hypothesis asking “if the Joint Operating Committee (JOC), modified with today’s information technologies, provides an oil and gas concern with the opportunity for advanced innovativeness.” The critical breakthrough in the research’s conclusion is the “industry standard JOC is the “natural” form of organization for oil and gas where the participants of the committee are supported and augmented through the diversity and availability of the remaining organizations team members. A greater alignment to this conceptual model would facilitate the desired innovation.”

So if this is how the industry operates why does it need People, Ideas & Objects Draft Specification, its software development capability and associated user communities? The difficulty is that today’s ERP systems do not recognize the existence of the Joint Operating Committee. This stands in contrast to the fact that the JOC is the legal, financial, cultural, communication and operational decision making framework of the industry. Every internal and external process of a producer tacitly recognizes these frameworks. However, the organizational focus has become centered on the compliance and governance frameworks of the royalty, tax and SEC requirements of the producer firm. What the Preliminary Research Report determined, and the Draft Specification implements, is the movement of the compliance and governance frameworks into alignment with the five frameworks of the JOC.

For the industry to successfully provide for the consumers energy demands, it’s necessary to build the systems that identify and support the Joint Operating Committee. Building the Preliminary Specification is the focus of People, Ideas & Objects. Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to support our Revenue Model and begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here and begin building the software necessary for the successful and innovative oil and gas industry.

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IBM's Global CEO Survey

IBM has published their bi-annual Global CEO Study. Registration is required to download the .pdf, I recommend reviewing the document to gain an understanding of the state of affairs in the global CEO’s mindset.

Oil and gas producers are faced with a difficult situation. As the earth science and engineering disciplines expand. And the volume of technical effort needed for each barrel of oil increases. The scientific human resources available to the producers remains relatively constant. What’s needed is a new division of labor and specialization to increase the volume of throughput of these fixed human resources. This changing environment is, according to the IBM study, being joined with a new variable, complexity.

Using the Joint Operating Committee (JOC) as the key organizational construct of the innovative oil and gas producer becomes a necessity in this complex environment. The JOC being the legal, financial, cultural, communication and operational decision making framework of the industry can deal with this enhanced complexity. When we are required to work with the needs of multiple producers within each and every JOC. Continuing to use generic ERP systems that don’t identify and support the JOC. Introduces unneeded complexity to an already difficult environment. If industry is to meet the market demands for energy, the Joint Operating Committee will need to be supported and identified by the ERP systems that are defined in the Draft Specification. The IBM Study notes.

In our past three global CEO studies, CEOs consistently said that coping with change was their most pressing challenge. In 2010, our conversations identified a new primary challenge: complexity. CEOs told us they operate in a world that is substantially more volatile, uncertain and complex. Many shared the view that incremental changes are no longer sufficient in a world that is operating in fundamentally different ways. Four primary findings arose from our conversations:

The first of these four findings is complexity and the capacity to deal with that it. IBM’s survey seems remarkably candid about the CEO’s capacity to deal with this new complexity.

Today’s complexity is only expected to rise, and more than half of CEOs doubt their ability to manage it.

Innovation will become the means for value creation in the oil and gas industry. Innovating on the basis of the expanding earth science and engineering disciplines. The industries leadership will be derived from those that are able to operate creatively in this scientific and technical environment.

Creativity is the most important leadership quality, according to CEOs. Standouts practice and encourage experimentation and innovation throughout their organizations. Creative leaders expect to make deeper business model changes to realize their strategies. To succeed, they take more calculated risks, find new ideas, and keep innovating in how they lead and communicate.

Third in the IBM study focuses on the customer, the Draft Specification will enable, closer interactions between the producers, vendors, suppliers and communities involved in the industry. IBM’s survey notes the focus of CEO’s is more towards the customer. Oil and gas producers never see their customers however, an expanded capability to deal with those involved in the business of oil and gas is needed.

The most successful organizations co-create products and services with customers, and integrate customers into core processes. They are adopting new channels to engage and stay in tune with customers. By drawing more insight from the available data, successful CEOs make customer intimacy their number-one priority.

In the fourth finding, IBM focuses on the interactions between partners and suppliers.

Better performers manage complexity on behalf of their organizations, customers and partners. operations and products, and increasing dexterity to change the way they work, access resources and enter markets around the world.

These four conclusions are consistent with the needs of the innovative oil and gas producers. IBM has developed a strong capability in their bi-annual study of CEO’s. I can only assume that personally interviewing 1,500 CEO’s is done at substantial expense. I would question the value that IBM is able to generate from this survey. This paper was published in May 2010 and the volume of discussion that it has generated must be disappointing. I wonder if there will be another report in two years time.

Producers are encouraged to contact me in order to begin their participation in these communities and support our Revenue Model. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here.

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People, Ideas & Objects - Wish List

Today we provide a list of the independent producers, National Oil Companies (NOC's) and International Oil Companies (IOC's) that People, Ideas & Objects are targeting. It would be ideal to have these twenty five firms use the applications that we are building. If you know, or have access to the decision makers in these firms, please contact me here. The company name and location are provided as are their web addresses.

• Abu Dhabi National Oil Company                          United Arab Emirates
• Anadarko Petroleum Corporation                            The Woodlands, Texas
• Apache Corporation                                                 Houston, Texas
• BP                                                                            London, England
• Chesapeake Energy Corporation                             Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
• Chevron Corporation                                               San Ramon, California 
• CNOOC Limited                                                     Hong Kong, China
• ConocoPhillips Company                                        Houston, Texas
• Devon Energy Corporation                                     Oklahoma City, Oklahoma        
• ExxonMobil Corporation                                        Irving, Texas
• Forest Oil Corporation                                            Denver, Colorado
• Hess Corporation                                                    New York, New York
• Iraq National Oil Company                                    Baghdad, Iraq
• Kuwait Petroleum Corporation                               Safat, Kuwait
• Marathon Oil Corporation                                      Houston, Texas
• Occidental Petroleum Corporation                         Los Angeles, California
• Petroleos Mexicanos                                              Mexico
• Petroleo Brasileiro SA - Petrobras                         Rio de Janeiro
• PetroChina Company Limited                               Beijing, China
• Petronas                                                                 Malaysia 
• Pioneer Natural Resources Company                    Irving, Texas
• Qatar General Petroleum                                       Doha, Quatar
• Saudi Arabian Oil Company                                 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
• Royal Dutch Shell                                                 The Hague, The Netherlands
• Total S. A.                                                             Courbevoie, France

In addition to these firms, People, Ideas & Objects would be pleased to include representative firms from the startup oil and gas producer community. Producers are encouraged to contact me here in order to begin their participation in these communities. Those individuals that are interested in joining People, Ideas & Objects can join me here.

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