Our Oil and Gas White Paper, Part XXIII

Preamble - Part I

People, Ideas & Objects competitive advantage and value proposition is that we provide the dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas producer with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for the industry to obtain the objective of profitable energy independence on the North American continent. It’s not enough to own the oil and gas assets in the 21st century. It’s also necessary to have access to the software and services that make the oil and gas assets profitable. We do this by providing the Preliminary Specification, an oil and gas ERP software solution that supports a business model that defines the following characteristics.

Throughout the Preliminary Specification we have used specialization and the division of labor to create new organizational structures for producers, and an industry configuration that provides producers with the opportunity to change the direction of their performance trajectory. We have stripped down the producer firm to the C suite executives, the earth science and engineering resources, some land and legal support. The remaining administrative and accounting resources are reallocated to service providers that are affiliated with People, Ideas & Objects and provide the accounting and administrative services in combination with our software across the entire oil and gas industry as their client base. Focusing on one process, or part of one process, the service provider specializes in the processing of that information. Billing the individual Joint Operating Committees for the services that they render. This industry and producer configuration enables the producer firms to focus on their key competitive advantages of their earth science and engineering capabilities, and land and asset base. Whereas the service providers will be able to focus on their competitive advantages of their accounting or administrative skills, automation, specialization and the division of labor, problem solving, issue identification, leadership, creativity, collaboration, research, ideas, thinking, design, innovation, negotiation, compromise and planning to name just the highlights.

This revised industry configuration, in addition to recognizing and supporting the Joint Operating Committee as the key organizational structure of the dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas producer provides us with an opportunity to do many things differently. The most significant, at this time, is the implementation of the decentralized production model with its price maker strategy. Since all of the operational, and most of the overhead costs, will be shifted from the producer to the Joint Operating Committee we will be producing detailed, complete financial statements for each property. It is in this transition to the Joint Operating Committee that all of the producers costs become variable based on production. If the property is unprofitable then it can be shut-in and incur what we call a null operation, no profit but also no loss, and at which time the reserves will be saved for a time when the can be produced profitably, those reserves will not have to carry the incremental monthly losses as additional costs to be recovered in the future, the producer maximizes their profitability as their unprofitable properties will no longer be diluting their corporate profits and the commodity markets will find the marginal costs when the unprofitable production is removed from the commodity marketplace. Markets provide one thing and only one thing. That is the price of the oil and gas commodities in this case. If natural gas or oil prices are too low to make a profit than the logical, business and sensible thing to do is to not produce until such time as the price provides for profitable operations. That is how the producer will operate with the Preliminary Specifications decentralized production models price maker strategy. “This is collusion and the wrong approach” according to today’s producers who choose to produce, largely unprofitably, at 100% of their production profile everywhere and always. They do not accept this basic business understanding of how to run an organization. If making independent business decisions based on detailed, factual accounting that determines profitability is collusion then I suggest they hire Robert Mueller. We have based our understanding that oil and natural gas are price makers not price takers. Losing the once abundant investors money had become a right, a privilege and an honor for the producers bureaucrats and they will justify their operations of that with whatever logic, or illogic they can muster. Please review the Preamble, the Resource Marketplace module or Partnership Accounting module of the Preliminary Specification for further information on the price maker strategy.

This lighter, leaner configuration of an oil and gas producer provides for greater flexibility in terms of the operations that are undertaken. Specialization and the division of labor are the two primary sources of every increase in our standard of living and organizational performance. These two tools have stagnated in the past twenty years as a result of the role that software is now taking in society and our organizations. It has the effect of cementing the organization permanently to the software configuration and no changes can be made without the corresponding change in the software being made first. As a result of this we are experiencing no increased performance trajectory as a result of the lack of any specialization or division of labor. Other economic concepts such as creative destruction and spontaneous order have also been stifled as the ability to act outside of the defined software methodology is impossible. Therefore it is proposed by People, Ideas & Objects, and adopted within our Revenue Model, that we are change based software developers. We are compensated for the changes that are made in the software based on the desired changes of our user community who are empowered through our user community vision. It is in this way that the oil and gas industry acquires a software development capability that will enable the Preliminary Specification to accommodate any changes, approach any issues and opportunities as they arise and will never disable the dynamic nature of the industry for many decades again.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

Our Oil and Gas White Paper, Part XXII

Blockchain

We were able to write our twelfth module into the Preliminary Specification in 2018. It is the first module that is technologically focused. All of the other modules, including the Security & Access Control are focused on the business of the oil and gas industry and producer, as viewed through the Joint Operating Committee. Therefore the Blockchain module provides the blockchain technology to all the other modules of the Preliminary Specification. Included within the Blockchain module itself there is detailed discussion of how each of the other modules is affected by this technology and how I expect it will be implemented. This will be in its initial implementation and it would be expected to become more robust as the years pass. I see blockchain as a must have Information Technology that will need to be the base of the ERP systems that industries will require. I also expect and anticipate throughout the development of the Preliminary Specification our user community will be able to define the use of the technology in a more effective and efficient way. This is due to the relatively “new” aspects of the technology and its current rapid developments and adoption.

In terms of understanding this new Information Technology Don Tapscott, who has been a leader in the field of businesses adoption of Information Technology. Has taken a leading role in the understanding and implementation of blockchain technology. He is a co-founder of the Blockchain Research Institute who’s participation includes most of the companies that are involved in business and Information Technology and has robust support from all industries. Here’s an introductory video that we used in the Preliminary Specifications Blockchain module.

The key takeaway from this video is the concept of a “shared network state.” Which accurately describes the perspective and point of view that People, Ideas & Objects have created with the Joint Operating Committee as the key organizational construct of the dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry and producer. As a result everything within the industry becomes a shared network state based on the glue that holds it all together, the Preliminary Specification. The producers themselves are stripped down versions of what they are today. Their earth science and engineering capabilities, and land and asset base are highlighted and focused upon as their key competitive advantages. Their working interests in the Joint Operating Committees are supported through the service industry through our three marketplace modules and have a far more involved and appropriate relationship with the producers and Joint Operating Committees. Bringing the service industry in as partners in terms of the development of how the field operations will develop from here. The administrative and accounting resources are reallocated to service providers that are established by the People, Ideas & Objects user community members, who have the power and control over how the Preliminary Specification software is developed, and are therefore also involved in the day-to-day of the service providers who provide our software and their services to the producers and Joint Operating Committees. Trust, transactions, agreements, vision and direction are understood and implemented throughout this “shared network state” and the industry is therefore able to move forward into what is unquestionably the most difficult future in a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable manner.

What we are finding is that the People, Ideas & Objects approach to the oil and gas marketplace is becoming the more common sense approach as each day passes. Our approach being that we provide the software and indirectly the administrative and accounting services to the entire industry with one solution. Our approach was to mitigate the software development costs that are incurred today by each and every producer to conduct the same accounting and administrative tasks as the producer across the street. These costs being replicated across the industry to develop the same capabilities at each and every producer. Costs and capabilities that are not shared and are unshareable. These software development costs, in addition to the overhead incurred in accounting and administration, are a major detriment to the industries ability to be profitable and maintain their costs.

The difficulties that the Information Technologies and their infrastructures are presenting are new challenges that each producer has to face. There are now business challenges, that the Preliminary Specification addresses, that are also presenting issues where the administrative, accounting and Information Technology costs are escalating further for each and every producer. Don Tapscott calls the “shared network state,” which is appropriate, that a producer as an island unto itself is no longer functional in a world where the future oil and gas industry needs to be. We had always argued that the costs of the Preliminary Specification would be lower than what the industry would incur collectively as individual producers. What we have to undertake from an industry point of view will increase our costs, however the base functionality of our applications would need to be put together and maintained by each and every producer. The push back from industry on our thinking here has been that the scope and scale was to large to be successful. If that were the case, then how do they propose to build the same functionality within their organization with the budgets that a profitable producer can allocate? Administration, accounting and Information Technology may be claimed to be a competitive advantage of a few producers, but it shouldn’t.

Once again we are able to turn to our key Information Technology provider, Oracle Corporation. Their involvement in blockchain at this time is substantial. Providing the Oracle Blockchain Platform and Oracle Blockchain Applications. These are added to the many applications of Oracles that are detailed throughout the Preliminary Specification modules which include the Oracle Database, Java, Oracle Fusion Middleware and Oracle Fusion Applications.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

Victoria Day

Third Friday

Our Oil and Gas White Paper, Part XXI

Compliance & Governance

Compliance & Governance, the module everyone loves to hate. It is my hypothesis that it’s here, at compliance and governance, that everything went wrong. What I mean by that is in the 1960’s when the first computers were being introduced into oil and gas companies. The question was asked what will we do with them. And of course the answer was accounting. Then as they became ever more powerful and more capable they began to add more tasks to their duties and added the natural follow on concerns of tax, royalty and compliance. Soon the culture became focused on those “compliance” requirements of the “firm” and the Joint Operating Committee became something that was used over there. Soon after this engineers and geologists began speaking a different language to the “business” types. Divisions grew and the business of the business was focused on the corporation and its need to file the appropriate paperwork to the appropriate agency in the appropriate time frame on the appropriate colored form.

Anyway, the real business of the business, the Joint Operating Committee somehow survived and if we align its legal, financial, operational decision making, cultural, communication, strategic and innovation frameworks to the compliance and governance frameworks of the hierarchy everyone can start speaking the same language as the engineers and geologists and start to get some real business done. And as People, Ideas & Objects research has shown this would provide the oil and gas producer with greater speed, innovation, accountability and profitability.

Compliance & Governance is the eleventh module in our twelve module Preliminary Specification. The question that should be asked is, how are we going to ensure compliance to all the regulations for all the module specifications that we’ve discussed so far? And I would assert that is why these are user based developments. But seriously, one thing governments seem to be fond of today is regulations on oil and gas companies. With Information Technology enabling various governments to issue technical business rules, technical specifications, XBRL syntax’s and other technological frameworks for these regulations. The ability to write these “frameworks” only seems to have encouraged them to write even more regulations. The larger point is that these frameworks do provide software developers with distinct advantages in enabling the regulations within the software.

The People, Ideas & Objects applications determination of scope will include which regulations it will need to be in compliance. With so many jurisdictions requiring compliance, each transaction may need to be assured to be in compliance with multiple jurisdictions. Add to that the transaction may be generated through a Joint Operating Committee owned by a variety of producers. And those producers may be composed of an international background and the Compliance & Governance module takes on an enhanced importance.

From the point of view of each producer maintaining their own database and applications for all of the compliance frameworks that they need to be concerned with can be a difficult task. The number of people that are needed just to keep a producers applications up to date is significant. However, People, Ideas & Objects, as one software developer acting on behalf of the industry as a whole, the job of building and maintaining the software that provides for the producers compliance requirements becomes much more specialized, automated and therefore manageable with the service providers. Then again if we were building these applications with the purpose of serving an industry we can access and use the division of labor and specialization to manage these tasks in a way that would significantly lower the costs, however, substantially increase the quality of the producers compliance.

I foresee just the royalty compliance requirements of these applications potentially including many dozens of different jurisdictions. To approach this from a software engineering point of view as a sole producer is not cost effective in the least. To consider these costs are replicated across each producer firm, then we begin to see the costs of compliance escalating to the levels that they are today. There is another way, and that is what is being proposed here in People, Ideas & Objects, along with the many other innovative ways we are proposing to deal with the issues of the oil and gas industry.

Here we have the beginnings of compliance and governance for the innovative oil and gas producer and Joint Operating Committee. What we need to do is to deal with the compliance of an innovative oil and gas producer with the tools of the 21st century. Those include automation, specialization and the division of labor. And in terms of governance, we can begin to provide the producer firm with the appropriate operational governance that is consistent with the demands of innovation. For we have learned that innovation does not arise from sloppy compliance and governance.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

These Are Not the Earnings We're Looking For, Part XXXIV

We noted yesterday the difficult situation in oil and gas in terms of its cash and working capital crisis. What we have is a unique situation that is overlooked by the producers when their focus is on the development of reserves and not on financial performance. Accountants are in the industry to pay the bills, not to speak unless spoken too and that is the extent of their purpose. Simple cash management would show that what the industry does is not a viable method of managing an enterprise. Unless, that is, there was a reliable stream of investor dollars available to continually shore up any of the producers cash shortfall. That this investor support has been missing for more than three years hasn’t caused the thinking within the industry to change or to focus on simple cash management to deal with their cash crisis. Or alternatively they’re fully aware of the cash crisis and are also aware that the only solution is the Preliminary Specification with the decentralized production model’s price maker strategy. Nonetheless how does this chronic cash shortfall occur?

Oil and gas is a capital intensive industry. Where most costs are capital in nature to begin with. What makes it particularly difficult is that the industry is operated in such a way that “building the balance sheet” is the objective. Therefore capitalization is done everywhere and always. Particularly in the overhead accounts where each year large percentages of the overhead costs are capitalized to property, plant and equipment. In addition interest is capitalized to a certain extent and at one point PennWest even capitalized their royalties. As we know all of these capital costs escalate each year and property, plant and equipment builds ever larger, quite rapidly. This is also due to the minimal amount of depletion that the producer recognizes. Enabling them to report higher profits than what they should, attract more investment and overproduce more of their “profitable” oil and gas. They are therefore through this process passing an indirect discount to the consumer when these capital costs that should have been recognized stay dormant on the producers balance sheet in property, plant and equipment for decades at a time. The amount of this discount is the amount of property, plant and equipment sitting on all of the producers balance sheets today. An amount believed to be $1.5 trillion. This is also the amount that investors should have received in the form of dividends over these past 40 years.

The point in my stating this once again is that the capital costs are purchased with cash. When you have a willing investor supporting your organization the cash consumption might not be an issue. That doesn’t make the activity right, it just doesn’t become a crisis. When producers needed more cash they just issued more stock. When you don’t have a willing investor or banking group supporting your organization then you’re paying out the monthly bills each and every month, with cash, and only retrieving those cash resources in small bits over the next few decades. What cash does come in as a result of the producer recognizing some of their capital costs has an immediate call on it to maintain the production profile of the producer. This is the way that oil and gas is operated which is not a business. It is a spending machine that was consistently reloaded as required by investor money. This has become the culture of the industry and is done systematically throughout North America in order to “build the balance sheet.” This process is deemed, I suppose, to add some value in some way.

What needs to change, and what will change in the Preliminary Specification price maker strategy, is the producers will cease “building their balance sheets” and begin recognizing their capital costs in a more timely manner. We believe a 30 month period is adequate to compete in today’s capital markets. Therefore instead of having depletion take 12 years it will be done in 2.5 years. When production only occurs when it’s profitable as it does in the Preliminary Specification. And the producer begins to understand that true profitability only occurs when they are not diluted by any of their unprofitable properties, and therefore only produce profitable properties. That their reserves will be saved for a time when they can be produced profitably. These reserves costs won’t have to carry the incremental costs of each months losses incurred from unprofitable production. And the commodity markets will find the marginal cost when unprofitable production is removed from the marketplace. Producers will need much higher oil and gas prices in order to retire the capital costs that are being recognized at a much faster pace in order to remain producing only profitable production and compete in terms of their returns in the larger capital markets. Consumers have had the benefit of the investors paying the capital costs on their energy consumption now for four decades. That is the net effect of the actions of the producers and industry for the past four decades. Both of these aspects of the producers business are unrecognized, or at least not discussed publicly. Producer bureaucrats are either obtuse or they’re uncaring. Either / or it doesn’t really matter.

Profitability is the fairest and most reasonable means of production allocation. We see in Alberta that none of the producers are satisfied with the government mandated production cuts. They can not be applied in a manner that will be acceptable and controllable other than in a competitive market where profitability and innovation are the two drivers of producibility. If a property is unprofitable, under the Preliminary Specification, it is a priority for the producer to expend their earth science and engineering capabilities upon that property in order to return it to profitable production as soon as possible. Innovation is the source of profitability in the long term for the producer. Innovation and profitability are two of the key capabilities provided in the Preliminary Specification.

This is how the business of the oil and gas business must be operated from this point forward. Confusion about the issues and opportunities are rampant in the industry. Everyone has an opinion as to the source of the problem and that there are no solutions other than to “muddle through like always.” People, Ideas & Objects believe the scope of the damage that has been self inflicted by these producers is terminal. Creative destruction is our method in which we’ll bring our solution to the marketplace. Rebuilding the industry brick by brick and stick by stick on the basis of dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas producers. To continue without any action on these issues is untenable. There are believed to be prospective capital expenditures in the range of $20 to $40 trillion in the next 25 years. It is therefore assumed by today’s inaction of the producers that investors will be picking up this tab. It is also the common knowledge on the street that all that is needed is for the “investors to back up the truck to the producers loading dock and replenish the cash needed to make everyone flush again.” A ludicrous expectation that the damage sustained throughout the industry, the service industry and the general economy can be resolved by investor resources provides an understanding of the level of business in play at these producers. There is not enough investor capital in the universe to make the industry “flush.” It can only be on the basis of the consumers paying the full costs of their energy consumption that the industry will right this ship. Investors currently see no future in oil and gas because there is no future. All that oil and gas has become is a giant sinkhole where money goes to die. The only group discussing otherwise is here on the ugliest websites on the InterWeb. The place where thinking through the industry issues occurs, solutions are provided and has no support from the industry. That’s because oil and gas is not a business.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

These Are Not the Earnings We're Looking For, Part XXXIII

What we see in Occidental’s purchase of Anadarko is the acquisition of oil and gas reserves as the key to all oil and gas activity. What else is there? Paying so much for such little performance shows the emphasis is not on financial performance or building value. It’s on building balance sheets and collecting more stuff to put into your collection. The culture of the industry has been so distorted that People, Ideas & Objects focus on real profitability is the outside discussion that the bureaucrats are unwilling to listen, acknowledge or act upon. There is so much distortion in the market that the ability to hold an idea in ones head is limited by the fact that everyone in the industry is an expert and know intuitively that no ideas will work. To reflect on the fact that the behaviors of the producers are what’s at fault never enter the conversation. It’s always someone else that’s responsible. Any subsequent actions by producers would imply that they’re responsible and they couldn’t do that. Besides as far as the bureaucrats are concerned they’re still getting their paychecks, and although that’s not as good as the golden days of creative compensation it’s enough.

What we see in the first quarter of 2019 is a continuing deterioration of the industries and producers financial health. What we also see is a substantial acceleration in the trajectory of that decline. Particularly in the area of cash and most specifically working capital. We’re now in a situation in terms of working capital that I’m having a hard time visualizing what it’s like to manage an oil and gas producer. You have in our sample of 23 producers property, plant and equipment of $487.3 billion, debt of $146.6 billion and current liabilities of $70.5 billion. Working capital is only $4.8 billion down $6.7 billion from December 31, 2018. We have watched these numbers for several years now and they’re deteriorating far more quickly. In 2018 we saw dividends, stock buybacks and debt payments total $45 billion which contributed to the decline we’re seeing in working capital. Much of this was fueled by asset sales that were generating large losses in addition to the cash that was raised. In the first quarter of 2019 stock buybacks, dividends and debt payments totalled only $3.2 billion as it appears this is the area that producers have determined as unsustainable. Cutting dividends and harboring as much cash as possible. Nonetheless the consumption of cash was $3.8 billion vs. $5.2 billion for all of 2018. Some pundits state that the cash balances of the producers are very healthy. Which some are, they’re however the exception to the rule and the healthy balances of cash have all been spent with current liabilities wiping out current assets and leaving minimal working capital. It's great to have large bank balances but if you’ve already spent that money, you can’t spend it again.

Go ask an investor to shore up your working capital. You may never see another potential investor again. No one is going to provide you with working capital. Banks will get spooked and start calling their loans. Working capital deficiencies are a serious warning to anyone that the problems in the business are comprehensive and unresolved. Throwing more money at it is only incinerating it. The business must address the underlying issue and the discussion in the industry isn’t satisfying anyone who sees that the issue consists of chronic, systemic overproduction everywhere and always. Businesses manage their production so that their inventory levels do not bloat to the point where they depress the price of the product they’re selling. It’s common business sense not to do so. Producers believe they have the right to produce whatever they want from whatever area at whatever cost and the “market will rebalance.” Which is the most foolish thing that any business could consider or think is a valid point. Markets produce one thing, and only one thing. That is the price that the market is willing to pay. If a producer can make a profit at that price, then the producer should produce. Otherwise stay out of the market and ensure that only profitable operations are achieved everywhere and always. People, Ideas & Objects have been screaming this logic for over a decade now and the response from the industry continues to be they will not interfere with the markets. And therefore continue to produce at 100% production capacity.

Of course our sample of producers recorded a profit of $6.1 billion for the first quarter of 2019. Which would be some of the highest profitability recorded in the past number of years. So the point of my argument about only producing profitable production is misunderstood. These profits that are recorded by the producers of course contain very little of the actual capital costs incurred to produce them. Deferral of any and all capital costs, which as we know consist of only the royalties and operations being excluded, is the science and art that producers are most proud of. “Building balance sheets” is the name of the game. The business is a spending discipline pure and simple. People, Ideas & Objects believe that a capital intensive industry would recognize their capital costs as quickly as possible in order to retrieve the cash resources that had been invested in the business. By recognizing the capital costs, and assuming they were capturing adequate prices for their product, these capital investments would be returned to them in the form of cash for reinvestment without having to go to the investors for more cash and dilute last years investors. The business would be self funding as it turned over its capital in a competitive fashion with other industries that compete for the investors attention and dollars. In addition to being a self funding operation producers would generate enough cash to pay down debt and provide adequate dividends to their shareholders. Instead, oil and gas is the place where money goes to die.

This argument has been put to the producers by People, Ideas & Objects for many years now. Isn’t it odd that the producers have such large balances of property, plant and equipment. Are "wildly" profitable in their minds but cash starved and becoming more so as each day passes. Analysis of the issue and proposed solution can’t make it past the “muddle along” strategy and “do nothing” operating procedure that are unanimously applied in each producer. They know too much about the business to impart their sophisticated analysis and explain themselves. Even though the “good times” have occurred for a total of 5 of the past 34 years, investors and bankers don’t understand and can’t see the “healthy” lives that the bureaucrats live. So what exactly is the issue. People, Ideas & Objects have determined that this has gone on for too long and has carried on to the point where there is no value in the industry anywhere anymore. We don’t believe we can remediate the problems within the constraints of the current organizations. We therefore have looked to other methods in which to achieve our funding and proceed with our software developments. These are captured in our Initial Coin Offering and we’ll be using creative destruction to rebuild the industry in the vision of a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas producer and industry.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

These Are Not the Earnings We're Looking For, Part XXXII

We have now compiled the first quarter financial statements of 2019 for our sample of 23 producers. As of the second quarter we will have 22 producers as the Occidental acquisition of Anadarko was finalized last Friday. Today we’ll be talking mostly about that transaction with tomorrow’s post focusing on the state of affairs across the industry. I am of two minds regarding the Occidental deal, first the structure of it, the political moves made by Occidental and there ultimate success reminds me of the 1980’s when acquisitions were more difficult, competitive and less friendly. The acquirer had to be very creative and active in order to make the deal a success. We see that here again in Occidental’s moves once Anadarko was put into play by Chevron. The second aspect of the deal that more or less frightens me is why would Occidental pay so much? With the acquisition of the shares at $38 billion and the debt that exists in Anadarko, Occidental is paying $69.46 billion for Anadarko. That is substantially too much for the company from my point of view.

Valuation has always been a difficult issue with the oil and gas industry. It has been a tool that has been used, I believe, to distract attention from the larger issues of the day and more to build empires. Over the years I’ve not seen the effects of any acquisition or merger, particularly when two elephants start to dance, provide any subsequent value. The point when looked at from the bureaucrats perspectives is that they’ll have a firm with a 2018 revenue stream that will be $32.3 billion per year. That provides for the kind of power that would otherwise be considered budgetary intoxication. Paying 6% or $3.2 billion of interest on the combined debt would be incidental. Therefore we can see the motivation behind the pursuit of the deal. The actual value that is generated, has been generated and will be generated is questionable. We’re told it's all in the reserves!

The strategic value of the acquisition is to augment Occidental’s acreage in the shale basins. Occidental makes the claim that their shale wells perform better than any other producers. A claim that would be difficult to verify from my point of view however they wouldn’t say it if it wasn’t true. Expanding that performance across a larger area would be a challenge in order to enhance Occidental’s capacity and capabilities. However, with the price and availability of good shale properties having more or less expired, this may be the only manner in which to expand in those basin’s. Although not directly relatable Chesapeake once traded at the highs of $62.40 in June of 2008. They now trade at $2.61 after their positions in shale gas basins didn’t work out quite as expected. Certainly the financial crisis had something to do with that, but the point is you always get surprised on the downside. Are $60 oil prices here to stay?

The Permian is the jewel in both of these producers inventory. What we saw in natural gas was the expansion of shale capacity far beyond what anyone could have ever imagined. This collapsed the price initially, and the overproduction continued to the point of fundamentally damaging the pricing structure permanently. Instead of holding its heating value equivalent of 6 to 1 to oil it now varies anywhere from 15 to 1 or 25 to 1. Oil being a global price it has withstood the upswing in oil deliverability from shale formations better than natural gas. Nonetheless the global oil prices have had severe pressures since at least 2014. It appears to me that the issue is not so much the North American deliverability overwhelming the global price but the regional production volumes overwhelming their takeaway capacity. Producers outside of North America are not as damaged by overproduction from the North American based producers as the North American producers are. Price differentials due to regional takeaway capacity are the chronic issues that plague the entire continent.

Collectively Anadarko and Occidental will have negative $563 million in working capital once Chevron is paid their breakup fee. This also assumes Warren Buffets and Total’s $18 billion in commitments will go to finance the deal. What is most disconcerting about this deal is that Anadarko has $695 million in retained earnings. The expectation that combined Occidental, which will have $54.6 billion in debt and has a $563 million working capital deficiency, which consumed $2.4 billion in cash in the past five quarters will perform is questionable for me. But maybe I’m not looking at the bigger picture. The fact is that short term liabilities are only $13.26 billion which implies… Lets cease thinking this way throughout the industry. That a firm would be carrying $13 billion in short term liabilities is a frightening concept to the former accountant in me. My god they must have warehouses full of invoices to pay. These numbers reflect that whatever Occidental does it won’t be earth shattering. It will have to be put into lock down and rehabilitated over time. Significant time. At the same time they’ll need to be prudent in order to expand their capacities and capabilities across the larger base of operations without the cash necessary to do so. I’m not of the belief that much cash will be available to them. They may have consumed all the oil and gas industry investment capital that was available in this one deal. They may have also consumed all the capital available to purchase oil and gas properties. This will be a difficult road.

There is an alternative that would be more viable than this dark scenario. That would be funding their contribution of the Preliminary Specification. If so the investors would look at this firm as an opportunity to maximize the properties they just acquired. If everything they produced was profitable all the time they would also be generating the cash flow to deal with the issues noted above. This can be done with the Preliminary Specifications decentralized production models price maker strategy. That won’t happen however and People, Ideas & Objects will be continuing on with the development of our Initial Coin Offering.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

Our Oil and Gas White Paper, Part XX

Analytics & Statistics and Performance Evaluation

The Performance Evaluation and Analytics & Statistics modules have similar interfaces, the Performance Evaluation is focused on the Joint Operating Committee and the Analytics & Statistics module is focused on the producer firm. Essentially these are user based tools that enable analytical and statistical calculations run against the data and information that are contained within the People, Ideas & Objects ERP systems and other unstructured data. Providing users with the ability to analyze data in new and innovative ways in seeking value for their firm or Joint Operating Committee. They will be used predominantly by the people who are in the oil and gas producers, the Joint Operating Committees and People, Ideas & Objects user communities service providers on a daily basis. Although the service providers will have access to a very small number of data attributes, only those data elements associated with the individual process they manage, they will have the entire industries population of that data.

The types of data and information that are prepared and presented in these modules is dependent on the individual users and will in most instances be unique, based on their needs and interests, their scope of authority and the type of work they do. When it comes to who will come up with the next great innovation we should expect that it will come from anywhere. Part of the process of innovation is discovery of the problem and we all see the situation from different perspectives. Therefore the point of view and the innovation will depend to a large extent on those different perspectives. Someone working in the trenches may find innovations that affect their work materially, which may not interest others and vice-versa. This process of discovery should be assisted by the types of tools that include the Performance Evaluation and Analytics & Statistics modules. Professor Giovanni Dosi notes.

Thus, I shall discuss the sources of innovation opportunities, the role of markets in allocating resources to the exploration of these opportunities and in determining the rates and directions of technological advances, the characteristics of the processes of innovative search, and the nature of the incentives driving private agents to commit themselves to innovation.

Irrespective of the source of the innovation the fact that it materially affects someone's work should indicate that it should be followed through. These opportunities are hard to discover and we need to be able to evaluate them and assess them based on their impact and their ability to build value. What sometimes appears to be a good idea can also sometimes become an area where the firm could be exposed to unnecessary risk or loss. Having access to the historical data available is necessary, however, in the 21st century it is also necessary to have these advanced analytical tools available to analyze that data.

In the Preliminary Research Report, People Ideas & Objects determined two important findings. One was that the process of innovation can be reduced to a quantifiable and replicable process. Analytical tools are part of that process. The Preliminary Specification sets the industry, producer firms and Joint Operating Committees on this foundation of a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable industry. And two, that the Joint Operating Committee is the key organizational framework for innovation in the oil and gas industry. Therefore having analytical tools in the Joint Operating Committee and producer firm are critical.

Within the Preliminary Specification we have also identified that many of the data elements within the Joint Operating Committee are public in nature. Production volumes and how wells were drilled are generally released into the market soon after they’re obtained. In terms of proprietary data there is less of an issue with respect to the data contained within the Joint Operating Committee. It is not to suggest that this removes the need to have the highest levels of security on all aspects of this data. Only to identify that the data within these two distinct organizations are fundamentally different. Within the producer itself there are many attributes that are unique and considered the proprietary technologies and understandings that make them what they are. The value discussed within the Preliminary Specification of the treatment of data and access builds significant value for all concerned. Participation is necessary throughout the industry. The issues and opportunities are not resolved here and won’t be resolved until such time as the user community studies and determines the manner in which it is handled. Today’s existing producers, should they survive their own self inflicted destruction, may want to relate their concerns and also participate with the user community to ensure that their concerns are considered.

Work in the 21st Century will be different. The tools that people will use will need to be different as well. The Performance Evaluation and Analytics & Statistics modules are the beginning of these new era tools for the way in which people need to work. We frequently speak of specialization and the division of labor in the Preliminary Specification. There is also a specialization and division of labor between what the people and computers will be doing and that is reflected here in these two modules. Computers will be responsible for the storage and processing, and people will be responsible for the leadership, problem solving, issue identification, research, thinking, ideas, design, planning, decisions, creating, negotiating, compromising, collaborating, the innovation and the many other things we do well. Much of these things being generated based on the facts that will be determined through the use of the Performance Evaluation and Analytics & Statistics modules.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.

Our Oil and Gas White Paper, Part XIX

Knowledge & Learning

We now move onto the Joint Operating Committee focused Knowledge & Learning module of the Preliminary Specification. This module shares many similarities to the Research & Capabilities module, and in fact is populated with the capabilities from the “Dynamic Capabilities Interface” as its base of information. Recall that one of the objectives that we’re working to achieve is to move the knowledge to where the decision rights are held, the Joint Operating Committee.

As I noted the Research & Capabilities module organizes each of the producers knowledge based on geologic zones, geographical areas, etc. This is so that the information that is pertinent to each zone can be separated into its own “packaging” within the Knowledge & Learning module. Additional ways in which data may be sorted in the Research & Capabilities module might include geographical location, conventional or unconventional, drilling, completion, etc. Where all the vendors who operate are therefore available within a certain geographical location are referenced only in those regions in the Knowledge & Learning module, etc.

With each Joint Operating Committee being concerned with one or a handful of geologic zones. The focus of the Joint Operating Committee can be limited to just those specific areas and or capabilities. What is particularly different about the Knowledge & Learning module, however, is that the information that is contained within the module is aggregated from multiple producers. Any of the producer participants within that Joint Operating Committee who have pertinent information contained within their Research & Capabilities module will have that data and information for those geologic zones, geographical regions etc, of that specific Joint Operating Committee populate the Knowledge & Learning module for that property.

With the potential to have multiple companies contributions of Research & Capabilities about that zone. It is important to have the information organized within the Knowledge & Learning modules in a manner that when the multiple producers data is merged, use of the data is probable. Each capability contains the knowledge, skills, experience and ideas of the people who are part of that producer firms and the service industry representatives. People, Ideas & Objects have developed the football analogy where the decision makers are presented with a list of these capabilities in the "Dynamic Capabilities Interface" and can select and deploy them in much the same fashion as the head coach in a football game.

As we have learned “knowledge begets capability, and capability begets action." Quotes are from Professor Richard Langlois book “The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism: Schumpeter, Chandler and the New Economy.”

Indeed, the job of the entrepreneur is precisely to introduce new knowledge. The “Circular Flow of Economic Life” is a state in which knowledge is not changing. Economic growth occurs at the hands of entrepreneurs, who bring into the system knowledge that is qualitatively new – knowledge not contained in the existing economic configuration. p. 27

Here we begin to see the role that people take in the makeup of the oil and gas industry. And to sum it up is to state that it’s everything. One also needs to consider the role of computers in these “actions” and that it amounts to not very much. People, Ideas & Objects divides the jobs between what people do well, the thinking, generation of ideas, leadership, collaborating, deciding and learning and leaves the memory and processing to computers.

There has to be a mechanism by which new knowledge enters the system. And that mechanism cannot be rational calculation, for as David Hume (1978, p. 164) long ago observed, “no kind of reasoning can give rise to a new idea.” p. 27

There is much to be done in the oil and gas industry and a lot of it involves blazing new trails. The hard work is what the people will need to be involved in doing. The challenges and opportunities are of historical significance and will require the dedication of a lot of people.

What has been done already has the sharp-edged reality of all things which we have seen and experienced; the new is only a figment of our imagination. Carrying out a new plan and acting according to a customary one are things as different as making a road and walking along it. p. 27

The Research & Capabilities and Knowledge & Learning modules work hand in hand to provide the producer firms and Joint Operating Committees with an innovative footing. One that does not replicate errors continuously and learn what was already learned last year, and the year before. Providing a structure that ensures that innovation is the focus and results of the activities that drive not only profitability across the continent, but ensures that costs are managed in a manner that provides consumers with the lowest possible costs of oil and gas exploration and production.

The Preliminary Specification, our user community and service providers provide for a dynamic, innovative, accountable and profitable oil and gas industry with the most profitable means of oil and gas operations. Setting the foundation for profitable North American energy independence. People, Ideas & Objects Revenue Model specifies the means in which investors can participate in our future Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that will fund these user defined software developments. It is through the process of issuing our ICO that we are leading the way in which creative destruction can be implemented within the oil and gas industry. Users are welcome to join me here. Together we can begin to meet the future demands for energy. And don’t forget to join our network on Twitter @piobiz anyone can contact me at 403-200-2302 or email here.