The Issue in a Nutshell, Part 2 of 2
Since no property is charged with the overhead that they incur how do the producers know if the property is profitable? They don’t and they never will. The industry employs the high throughput production model that seeks to cover off the high costs of its overheads through full production. Every producer in the industry is producing every producible property. Nothing that can be produced is shut-in. This is how the industry is in the chronic state of overproduction. The producer only knows one operating strategy, full production at all times. Otherwise they would be unable to most effectively cover off the high overheads of their producer firms. The overheads being fixed in nature are incurred at whatever level of their production profile they produce at. Therefore to offset these overheads most effectively, full production is necessary at all times. This was reasonable during the era of scarcity. Now with shales abundance...
This created a number of operating assumptions within the industry. Investors believed producers production profile must grow year over year, every year. Or, alternatively they would be punished by the markets for not keeping ahead of the ever growing overhead burden. Growth in the production profile was therefore necessary at any and all costs. Overhead at the property is based on the Petroleum Accountants Society overhead allowances. No actual overhead is realized by any property in the industry. It is generally considered that these overhead allowances are unable to capture the true costs of the actual overheads of managing a property. Revenues of the corporation need to be their highest from full production. If the property is marginal, or a poor performing asset, it doesn’t matter. Your costs are fixed therefore everything must be produced to maximize the revenues of the corporation.
When oil and gas is scarce this operating model may have provided some long term value. When combined with the over reporting of profits we discussed yesterday. I would argue that there was never a point in time which oil and gas producers generated any value. Of the 23 producers in our sample, as of the end of 2016, they had $467.2 billion in property, plant and equipment. Based on shareholder equity of $258.9 billion. They earned over the life of these firms, almost all of which are in excess of 20 years of age, $59.5 billion. If we accept my argument yesterday that the property, plant & equipment balance of $467.2 billion should be written off in the next three years these producers will have lost $407.7 billion. Wiped out the shareholders equity and another $208.3 billion, which exceeds their outstanding debt of $163.3 billion. They have essentially destroyed every dollar ever given to them. Which is consistent with what the industry is worth today. Nothing, it loses money and demands large volumes of cash to operate. As I said this history was during the era when oil and gas was scarce. Now in the era of shale, or abundance, where the characteristics of higher deliverability and substantially higher costs, we can only imagine what these firms can do?
The high throughput production model is unable to generate value for the oil and gas industry. The assumptions that the industry operates under are no longer, if ever, providing any value. The need for change is evident in the strike that the investment community have taken these past few years. What is motivating them to return? Is it the $20 to $40 trillion in capital expenditures that they’ll have to fund under the current business model. Is it the chronic losses and demands for capital that inspires them? Or is it the behavior of the bureaucrats who in self serving fashion have benefited from the “good times” and only keep these carcases operating for their own needs. As bad as all this sounds there are technically $467.2 billion in assets left to deplete, or cash flow to be realized from these assets. Enough for a handful of bureaucrats to live quite handsomely.
I don’t know why anyone listens to economists anymore. They seem to me to have destroyed any credibility during the 2008 financial crisis. Only one of them was able to see the developing storm and describe what was about to happen. The rest were oblivious. People, Ideas & Objects have also documented how the economic principle of “spontaneous order” has been erased by the software that we use today. Software defining and supporting the organization demands that the changes we need to make for the economy to grow spontaneously, as it did for centuries before, is diminished. We need to change the software first in order for the organizations to change and then build value. Our friends the oil and gas bureaucrats have effectively employed this knowledge by adopting the policy of never changing the software. We should now maybe add the economic principle of “creative destruction” to the ash heap of history as well. With bureaucrats living as well as they do off the past capital investments in the oil and gas industry. This wonderful world that we live in will continue for decades. Instead of the garbage being wiped away, these producers will plod along providing their bureaucratic masters with enough to make it worth their while for as long as they need. After almost a decade of abysmal performance in natural gas. And coming on four years in oil. Nothing is said or done about the situation. Just wait till the markets rebalance, they say. Bureaucrats doing the hard work.
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